Metagenoms

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HMP

  • ~10X more bateria than human cells in the body
  • small-subunit (16S) ribosomal RNA gene-sequence-based surveys :
 - found in all microorganisms 
 - has enough sequence conservation for accurate alignment 
 - has enough variation for phylogenetic analyses.
  • skin, mouth, oesophagus, stomach, colon and vagina
  • largest reported data sets are for the gut
  • most of the 10–100 trillion microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal tract live in the colon.
  • more than 90% of all phylogenetic types (phylotypes) of colonic bacteria belong to just 2 of the 70 known divisions (phyla) in the domain Bacteria: the Firmicutes and the Bacteroidetes.